International Research Group (IRG) on Wood Protection
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ItemAgenda Plenary Meeting 1969(1969)
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ItemLiterature survey on the permanence and distribution of salt-type wood preservatives(1969)The objective of this survey is generally to review some of the more important published work dealing with the distribution and permanence of salt-type waterborne wood preservatives in treated timber. The survey is limited to the major chrome-containing formulations and the classification system proposed by Becker (1964) has been adopted throughout. CK - chromium, copper (copper, chrome); CKA - chromium, copper, arsenic (copper, chrome, arsenate); CKB - chromium, copper, boron (copper, chrome, boron); CFK - chromium, fluorine, copper (copper, chrome, fluorine); CFA - chromium, fluorine, arsenic (fluor, chrome, arsenate); CF - chromium, fluorine (fluor, chrome). The literature compilation covers the performance of these preservatives assessed from laboratory tests, field tests and practical experience; their application and distribution in the treated wood; and their influence on materials such as glues, paints or metals and the wood itself. It is not the purpose of this survey to draw conclusions regarding the relative merits of the various formulations, the choice of a formulation in a given situation depending upon many factors outside the terms of reference of this review, and not all of a technical nature. In general, there is insufficient directly comparable data for a definitive assessment and in the few comparisons available special factors frequently apply.
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ItemAgenda WG III(1969)
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ItemAgenda WG II(1969)
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ItemReticulitermes (Ins., Isopt.) in Central and Western Europe(1969)Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) has established itself in Hamburg and Hallein coming from the east of North America. In France, on the northern boundary of termit occurrence, Reticulitermes santonensis are distinguished from Reticulitermes lucifugus by special activity and resistance. According to comparative investigations with colonies of several Reticulitermes species of different origins regarding the influence of temperature and soil moisture on the feeding activity and the viability of termite groups, Reticulitermes flavipes from Hamburg and one originating from Wisconsin (USA) show racial differences from the Hallein species originating from South Carolina. The first shows a daily rhythm of activity and are strong gallery builders, while the two latter lack these properties. Certain morphological differences may be correlative to the two bio-ecological races of Reticulitermes flavipes. Reticulitermes santonensis shows biologically and ecologically far greater similarity with Reticulitermes flavipes from Hamburg and Wisconsin than with Reticulitermes lucifugus. The samples from La Rochelle have symbiotic flagellate species which were otherwise only found either with Reticulitermes lucifugus or with the American Reticulitermes species. Morphologically the species occupies an intermediate position. Reticulitermes santonensis is likely to be a hybrid of Reticulitermes flavipes and Reticulitermes lucifugus, with the properties of a vigorous hybrid. So far it has been impossible to explain why up to now only Reticulitermes flavipes was able to establish itself sporadically in Central and West Europe.
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ItemReticulitermes (Ins., Isopt.) in Mittel- und West-Europa(1969)In Hamburg und Hallein hat sich Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) aus dem Osten von Nordamerika eingebürgert. An der Nordgrenze des Termitenvorkommens im Westen Frankreichs zeichnet sich Reticulitermes santonensis Fetaud gegenüber Reticulitermes lucifugus durch besondere Aktivität und Widerstandsfähigkeit aus. Nach vergleichenden Untersuchungen an Kolonien verschiedener Reticulitermes-Arten mehrerer Herkünfte über den Einfluß von Temperatur und Bodenfeuchtigkeit auf Fraßtätigkeit und Lebensfähigkeit von Termitengruppen weisen die Reticulitermes flavipes-Tiere von Hamburg und einer Herkunft aus Wisconsin (USA) gegenüber den Tieren von Hallein und einer Herkunft aus South-Carolina Rassenunterschiede auf. Die ersteren zeigen einen Tagesrhythmus der Aktivität und eine starke Galleriebautätigkeit, die den beiden letzten fehlen. Gewisse morphologische Unterschiede lassen sich den beiden ökologisch-biologischen Rassen von Reticulitermes flavipes zuordnen. Reticulitermes santonensis ähnelt biologisch und ökologisch Reticulitermes flavipes von Hamburg und Wisconsin weit mehr als Reticulitermes lucifugus. Die Tiere von La Rochelle besitzen symbiotische Flagellaten-Arten, die sonst nur entweder bei Reticulitermes lucifugus oder bei amerikanischen -Arten vorkommen. Morphologisch nimmt die Art eine Zwischenstellung ein. Reticulitermes santonensis dürfte eine Kreuzung aus Reticulitermes flavipes und Reticulitermes lucifugus mit Eigenschaften eines luxurierenden Bastards sein. Bisher läßt sich nicht erklären, warum sich bislang nur Reticulitermes flavipes vereinzelt in Mittel- und Westeuropa einbürgern konnte.
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